Apparatus for the manufacture of denture models



Dec. 18, 1951 M. FLEISCHHACKER 2,579,111

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF DENTURE MODELS Filed Oct. 7, 1948 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 Fla. 5

Fla. a

INVENTOR Max FLEISCHHACKER ATTORNEYS D .1951 M. FLEISCHHACKER APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE DENTURE MODELS 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed Oct. 7, 1948 I NVENTDR.

Mm: FLEISQ-HHACKER M'TORNEYS Patented Dec. 18, 1951 DENT? er e "This inventiongrelats' to the mannfactureof dhtal -protheses;bartienlarly'to-the proper 1062- tien o f-"the oce'lu'sal plane and'its reproduction mime protheses. t k g I The occlusal plane of the natural human den ture is known to be parallel 'anteroposteri orly to the ear-noseplanei. e. the plane laid through the arcuate lineextending between the-ears from tragus to tragus via the line; of transition be tween upper up andnqsej Once the natural denture has been lost, the original occlusal planeis no longer recognizable and the dentist has first to finditagainin the'mouth of the patient and then to reproduee'it in'the artificial'denture, failing whichthe' latter will not befitting and'workable. For thispurpose; qiiite'a numberof difierent devices andmethods have been used so far; and while the location of the occlusal plane in theinouthof the "patient 'c a'n'bie don'e infvarious known ways with -a'f 'fairjn'ieasnre of accuracy, the reproduction'jof' this"; plane in'fth'e plaster Qi Paris tests on whieh the; artificial dentures are 165 11 h ri e's' ino e ufrea I 1 t is' th principahobject 'of this; invention to n qvide a method of; and :means'ifor, both locating'the ocelus'al plane the mouth of'the patient nd a fi me ci l y' eh ducin it 13.11 3 s imd denture nfodehf; i

' A further objectl o'f the inventi on isig to' proe a facebowj adapted i to" be, articulated to' an' n ion' 'ari ins r eafnijrh mantle of t v 1 ManFlei sehhacker, Tel Aviv, Israel 1 Anplieation october '1, 1948,'SerialNo.53,235 H In PaIestineOctober27, 1947 e s'zei ims. (01.; 32++2ill a" model of the edentulons maxillary jaw wherein thtottom'fac of the scale and the plane laid through the ridge representing the crest dirth'e edentulous jaw ifl'ielnde the same angle astthe ear-nose planefandjaw crest ih'the head ofJ-the patient On said cast the dentur'e-wi-1l then'be modelled in' wax or the like Sofia material,"com== prising a'base'plate anda'rim l The occli isal plane can new be reproduced V on the denture model parallei. to "the "'bottom ji faee' of the socle, and at a distance therefromthat is-equal to'the'correctwertical" dimension of the maxillary denture ascertained; as known per se, byreferenee' to the length 'df the upper lip of the patient} The uppe f'a'ee-of the said'wax'rim' is then so levelled and'adju' sted that it-represents the} oeclusal plane; I 'When; thereafter the artifi cial t eeth are anchored ihthe usual manner inthe waxrim withtheir niastieating surfaces flush with the x ipper face of the rim; said masticating surfaces assumef'automatieal'lytheir properg loeatron inthe' oclusalplane'e- Further objects and features of the invention" will become apparent fromthe following descrip-"- tion in which the invention-"is-setout in-detail and by way of example nly with reference tothe aeeompanyingdrawifigs; the latter: Figi-I is a; plan view if a fa ebow' connc ted to an impression-tray; if

p ent; a i q be dju e n he ear-n s P e; 1

my once it has beensoa'djusted.

A yet f n'ther objectot theiliveh tion l c'dnsists- L th icon yIe, m rk r.

nb eedin 1. m race-bow w chm ts it a a q e. e

tanc e of thei j clentnr'e from t ca'sebf ea nart'icularj patient;

tio ,oi the disndyles' jthe and jtoibe immobilized relativ t the irn'pressioiif Figs. 2 and K are respectively a fragmentary frent view angi ira'gmentarysi'de elevation there- 'of, V mg.- 4 -15 "er -detail" of-the facebow one -:1argei' scale;

' Fig. 5 is a' side elevation of the facehow in position o'n'the head of thepatie'nt;

' wFigiwGfishowS the reversed faeebow 'and trayw" we maxilla y impression tray i serted in I aftmfithepast. has setandhatdened, the castis placed "on a table'onmwhich a "plastensocle' ha's been cast, the figure-: bein'gi'a verticalzsectien on lineVL-VlofEigz-Wu'3 I Fig.7 is'zaplan view corresponding to Figqfi;

larger scale; a

' Fig.9 is: a perspectivetview showing" the step of reproducing the occlusaljplanexin the-wax-:rimv ofthe denture model on theplaster cast. 1 1

the. decimal planebomprises awmaxillary im-' pression tray l of any known suitable design;

pravided with a tail ZWhic-h, when the impressiontray is .insertedinsthr'e mouth, projects straight out; thereof flhe tray :iszdisconnectably articulated to the-jtray-holder of the? facebow'i unit comprising a yoke member8.'- The articulat tion comprises a aballrjointi'with two vballs "8, "3 and sockets 6-, f6; Thefsocket. this 'fixedsto; plate- 3 I secured'to the yoke, while the socket 6 is secured to the tray-holder which comprises a clamp 4 provided with wing nut 5. The yoke is made of any suitable slightly elastic and flexible material, e. g. a metal such as brass, or a plastic material such 'as' Celluloid. The tray is initially filled with a usual plastic impression'mass and inserted in the mouth of the patient who bites thereon. Then the clamp 4 is fixed to the tail 2 and the facebow is closely applied to the face and adjusted in the ear-nose plane, as shown in Fig. 5. The ball joints are then immobilized by tightening clamping screws II, II;

The facebow is also fitted at the ends ofythe yoke with condyle marker attachments. These comprise each a block 12 slidable on the yoke, and a clamping screw for immobilizing the blockl2. A head I3 is provided with a holder pin inserted in a corresponding, bore of the block l2 and adapted'to be immobilized by means of" a clamping screw, while-a condyle pin I provided with a scale is slidable in, the head 13 with friction. The, blockslZ andpheads 13 are so adjusted that the pins [4 point. towards, the condyles, and slight pressure is exerted on' pins l4 for making them, contact the condyles.

The facebow and tray are now withdrawn from the patient without alteration of their irelative positions.

Now, a thin impressionmade in the tray, andat, the same time a soclel5 of a stiff plaster mix, still somewhat plastic, isprepared on a castingtable or plate 9-(Fig. 6). The facebow and tray are turned upside down, the reversed facebowis laid, on the table, and the tray with its plaster; filling on the socle i5. The twoplaster masses'are now; allowed tocombine andset. The-upper face of the castreproducesthe jaw with; its-crest while its bottom face includes with its upper-face the sameangle as the ear-nose plane does with the crest of the jaw. The bottomface of the socle can "thus serve-as a plane of reference'for re-.-

producing in the model the occlusal plane;

While the socle I 5 is still in a plastic state, two crank axle pins l6, l6 are anchored therein. Their ends are formed by sleeves H, H. The position of the axle pins is so-adjusted thatthe sleeves l1, l1 receivethe condyle, pins I 4 of'thefacebow in the positions given to the pins while; the facebow had been appliedito the head of the patient. The correct reproduction of these positions can-be checked by means of the scale marked on the condyle'pins: When the'plaster cast is;-afterwards inserted in thexarticulator, the'sleeves of said axle pins are slid on theaxle of the articulator which brings the cast into the proper distance from the latteraxle, i.- e; at the same distance as the natural denture'h'as from the condyles in the mouth of the particular patient.

v A lug I8 is also anchored in the socle l5 Its plaster-of-Paris'mix is cast in the:

4 low edge of the upper lip. Then a conventional denture base 22 and rim 23 of wax or the like soft material are cast on the plaster cast. Now, the cutting implement shown in Fig. 9 is resorted to. This comprises a vertical standard 25 with foot 24 and ahorizontal blade 26 secured by means of a clamping -screw IS in a holder 20 slidable on the standard 25. The blade 26 is adjusted at a height above the table corresponding to the vertical dimension of the denture ascertained as described above, and secured in this position by a screw 2|. Then the wax rim uis levelled by moving the cutting implement the patient, the top face of the wax rim repre-- 1 sents the occlusal plane.

sired position ofadjustment-and being adapted I claim:

1. A facebow for use in the manufacture of patient, and anarticulatedattachment extend:

ing below the yoke member in the frontpart thereof, said attachment comprising a double ball joint and means for temporarily immobilizingthe members of the double joint in the-deto detachably hold a maxillary impression tray at a variable angleand a variabledistance relative to the plane ,of, saidyoke member.-

2. A facebow for use in the manufacture of artificial dentures, comprising a yoke member adapted to be laid intotheear-nose plane of the patient, and an articulated, attachment extending below the .yoke member in the front part thereof, said attachment comprising a double ball joint and means for temporarily mobilizin the members of the double joint in the desired position of adjustment, and being adapted to,

detachably hold a maxillary impression tray at,

a variable angleand a .variable distance relative to the plane ofsaid yoke member; condyle pin and means for varying the height of the condyle.

pins above theyoke member.

" 3., A facebow unit for, use in the manufacture of artificial dentures, comprising in. combination a facebow as claimed in claim 2 with two crankshaped pins having shorter ends adapted to be.

7 detachably securedto theinnerends oftheconupper lip ofthe patient in its middle and adding thereto 1 or 2 millimeters by-which the edge of the :median incisors. will have to project bedyle pins, and longer portions pointing. towards the articulated attachment of the facebow.

MAX EISCHl-IACKER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the;

file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES Fundamental Principles of a systematic'magnosis of DentalAnomalies, 1926, pages 88-89. 

